施工单位多的工作就是验钢筋。
The most common work of construction units is to test steel bars.
偶然会发作了这样的事情，有道梁的主筋，让工人绑错了，直径25的钢筋，绑成了直径22mm的了。
Occasionally, such a thing happened. The main tendons of the beams made the workers tie the steel bars with a diameter of 25 to a diameter of 22 mm.
换掉吧，一切的钢筋都绑扎完成了，模板也支好了，还要拆模板，真实是太费事了。
Change it, all the steel bars are tied up, the template is also supported, but also to remove the template, the real is too troublesome.
后来采取了一种弥补的办法，另外加一根直径12mm的钢筋，直径小，容易穿进去，轻松的把这个问题处理了！
Later, a remedy method was adopted, and a steel bar with a diameter of 12 mm was added. The diameter of the steel bar was small and easy to penetrate. This problem was handled easily.
其实这里用到了一种办法：钢筋代换。
In fact, a method is used here: steel bar replacement.
钢筋怎样代换？代换还有哪些考究？
How to replace steel bar? What else is substitution?
这就是今天的话题。
That's the topic today.
1、等截面代换
1. Equal Section Substitution
比方说，小张去买了2把面条，每把1.2g，总共2.4kg。
For example, Xiao Zhang went to the supermarket and bought two sets of noodles, each 1.2g, a total of 2.4kg.
回去以后觉得不适宜，1.2g吃一顿吃不了，吃两顿不够，非常不便当。
When I got back, I felt inappropriate. 1.2g meal was not enough, and two meals were not enough. It was very inconvenient.
3把0.8g加起来仍然是2.4kg，这就叫等截面代换。
3 The total of 0.8g is still 2.4kg, which is called isosection substitution.
以下是揭秘时间，一根直径25mm的钢筋为什么可以用1根直径22毫米加1根直径12mm的钢筋代换呢？
The following is the time to reveal the secret. Why can a steel bar with a diameter of 25 mm be replaced by a steel bar with a diameter of 22 mm and a diameter of 12 mm?
有一个事情必需说分明，钢筋的横截面都是圆形的，这个圆形的横截面面积就叫做钢筋的截面积。
There is one thing that must be clearly stated. The cross-section of steel bar is circular. The cross-section area of this circular steel bar is called the cross-section area of steel bar.
查表就晓得，直径25mm钢筋截面积490.9，直径22mm钢筋截面积380.1，二者相差110.8
As you can see from the table, the cross-sectional area of 25mm steel bar and 22mm steel bar is 490.9 and 380.1 respectively. The difference between them is 110.8.
直径12mm钢筋截面积113.1>110.8
The section area of 12mm steel bar is 113.1 > 110.8
3、需求留意的问题，其实就是1点
3. What we need to pay attention to most is actually one point.
晓得了啥叫等强度代换，我们来应用等强度代换省钱。
Knowing what equal strength substitution is, let's use equal strength substitution to save money.
比方说，现浇板的钢筋，设计是直径8毫米，一级钢，间距100毫米。这样绑扎太费事了，代换一下，直径20毫米，三级钢，间距1000毫米。
For example, the cast-in-situ steel bar is designed to be 8mm in diameter, 1st grade steel and 100mm in spacing. It's too tedious to tie up in this way. Replace it. The diameter is 20mm, the third grade steel is 1000mm apart.
那么请问？现浇的楼板，1米远才放一根钢筋，会不会塌？
So excuse me? Cast-in-place floor, only a steel bar is placed 1 metre away, will it collapse?
肯定不行！
Surely not!
那怎样办？其实钢筋混凝土设计国度都是有规范的，你是什么构件，小配筋率几，钢筋间距几，梁的1排钢筋和2排钢筋受力差几，等等等等都有设计标准的规则。
What about that? In fact, the design countries of reinforced concrete are standardized. There are design criteria for what kind of components you are, the minimum reinforcement ratio, the spacing of reinforcement, the force difference between the 1 and 2 rows of reinforcement, and so on.
所以讲，任何钢筋的代换，必需办理设计变卦文件。
Therefore, any steel bar replacement, it is necessary to deal with the design of hexagram documents.
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